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Optimal Autonomous Electric Vehicle Charging Algorithm for Minimising Battery Degradation

M. González-Pérez(1), F. J. Asensio(1), A. Ordoño(1), G. S. Quansah(2), G. Saldaña(2) and I. Zamora(2)

1. Department of Electrical Engineering,G.I.E. Eibar, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Eibar (Spain)

2.Department of Electrical Engineering, B.I.E., University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Bilbao (Spain)

2026-02-15

The large-scale adoption of electric vehicles (EVs) requires controlled integration into the power system to avoid security
and stability issues. While centralised charging strategies offer theoretically optimal solutions, they require extensive data and communication infrastructure, limiting user flexibility. Conversely, collaborative algorithms enhance decentralisation but face challenges related to data privacy, real-time communication, and implementation complexity.

To address the urgent need for effective charging strategies, this paper proposes an autonomous charging algorithm that minimises charging costs while considering battery degradation. Autonomous approaches serve as a transitional solution towards collaborative algorithms, enabling immediate deployment while maintaining control benefits. Two case studies are conducted: one accounting for battery degradation and another neglecting it. The results highlight the importance of incorporating degradation into charging strategies to enhance battery lifespan and ensure a more sustainable EV
integration.

Key words: Electric vehicle, charging algorithm, optimal charging, autonomous charging algorithm and battery
degradation.

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