539

Analysis of fault ride through in wind farms during network faults

Tomislav Rajić(1), Pablo Eguia(2), Aitor Blazquez(2), D. Marene Larruskain(2)

1. School of Electrical Engineering, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia

2. Department of Electrical Engineering, School of Engineering in Bilbao, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Bilbao, Spain

2026-02-15

Fault Ride Through (FRT) is a term used to describe the ability of wind farms to remain connected to the system during disturbances, such as short circuits or voltage drops. This capability is vital for maintaining the stability of power systems and preventing the adverse consequences that may arise from wind power outages during disturbances. In addition to FRT, modern Grid Codes require wind farms to inject current during the fault under specific conditions, to sustain voltage and help protection relays detect and clear the fault. Wind farms achieve these goals through a combination of hardware
capabilities and control algorithms. The goal of this paper is to analyse the Fault Ride Through capability of wind farms, using a test system modelled in the software tool Power Factory DIgSILENT, and to examine the characteristics of current
injection under different control configurations. Through this analysis, the reaction of wind farms to different types of
disturbances will be investigated, along with how their behaviour can be improved to ensure greater stability of the power system. This paper is the digest version of the full paper that will be sent in case of acceptance.

Key words: Fault ride through, short circuit current, wind farm, grid code, negative sequence.

[1] Gilbert M. Masters, Renewable and Efficient Electric Power Systems, John Wiley & Sons, Hoboken, 2004.

[2] A.D. Hansen, G. Michalke, “Fault ride-through capability of DFIG wind turbines”, Renewable Energy 32 (2007) 1594–1610.

[3] J.J. Justo, F. Mwasilu, J.W. Jung, “Doubly-fed induction generator based wind turbines: A comprehensive review of fault
ride-through strategies”, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews (2015), Vol. 45, pp. 447-467.

[4] D. Yoosefian, R.M. Chabanloo, “Protection of distribution network considering fault ride through requirements of wind
parks”, Electric Power Systems Research (2020), Vol. 178, 106019.

[5] F. Mwasilu, J.J. Justo, K.S. Ro, J.W. Jung, “Improvement of dynamic performance of doubly fed induction generator-based wind turbine power system under an unbalanced grid voltage condition”, IET Renew Power Gener (2012), Vol. 6, No. 6, pp. 424–434.

[6] A.O. Ibrahim, T.H. Nguyen, D.C. Lee, S.C. Kim, “A fault ride-through technique of DFIG wind turbine systems using
dynamic voltage restorers”, IEEE Trans Energy Convers (2011) Vol. 26, No. 3, pp. 871–82.

[7] A.J. Castañon, R. Cimadevilla, P. Eguia, E. Torres, R. Ibarra, Impact of wind generation on line protection, PAC World 2021 (online), 1-2 September 2021.

[8] J. Liang, D.F. Howard, J.A. Restrepo, R.G. Harley, “Feedforward transient compensation control for DFIG wind turbines
during both balanced and unbalanced grid disturbances. IEEE Trans Power Appl (2013). Vol. 49, No. 3, pp. 1452–63.

[9] M. Rahimi, M. Parniani, “Transient performance improvement of wind turbines with doubly fed induction generators using nonlinear control strategy”, IEEE Trans Energy Convers (2010) Vol. 25, No. 2, pp, 524–5.

[10] Commission Regulation (EU) 2016/631 of 14 April 2016 “Establishing a network code on requirements for grid
connection of generators”, Official Journal of the European Union, 27/4/2016.

[11] A. Etxegarai, P. Eguia, E. Torres, A. Iturregi, V. Valverde, “Review of grid connection requirements for generation assets in weak power grids”, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews (2015), Vol. 41, pp. 1501-1514.

[12] H.W. Qazi, P. Wall, M. Val Escudero, C. Carville, N. Cunniffe, J. O’Sullivan, “Impacts of Fault Ride Through Behavior of Wind Farms on a Low Inertia System”, IEEE Trans. on power systems (2022), Vol. 37, no. 4.

[13] “Technical standard for monitoring the compliance of power generating modules according to EU”, Regulation 2016/631, Version 2.1, 9 July 2021.

[14] Orden TED/749/2020, de 16 de julio, por la que se establecen los requisitos técnicos para la conexión a la red
necesarios para la implementación de los códigos de red de conexión. BOE Nº 208, 1 August 2020.