GIS-based model for determining the optimal potential of co-digestion mixtures in the Spanish Iberian Peninsula A. González-Martínez, M. de Simón-Martín, A.M. Diez Suárez, Á. de la Puente-Gil, M.Á. Ramos Malmierca and L. Álvarez-de Prado 2019/07/15

Abstract

Agricultural and livestock biogas exploitation trough co-digestion power plants is still poorly deployed in Europe -e.g., in Spain, this Renewable Energy Source (RES) represents only the 0.17% of installed RES capacity- although most authors agree and even EU Directive 2009/28/EU stipulates that biogas and this type of energy can contribute to a reduction of at least 35% of greenhouse gas emissions. Furthermore, biogas can be used to upgrade gas pipelines, which results of great interest. Nevertheless, it has been observed that the biogas production its underrated in many EU member states, especially in Spain, and it still has a very low penetration rate in the energy mix. Most currently installed co-digestion power plants in our country show low installed capacity values (the 66% of installed co-digestion power plants have a rated power less than 500 kW) and are restricted to local resources.
In this paper, through a Geographical Information System (GIS) approach, 8 different co-digestion mixtures have been evaluated and the most profitable ones have been optimized for the Spanish
Iberian Peninsula to set their real biogas generation potential according to the geographical distribution of the resources. Moreover, for each different mixture, optimal clusterization have been proposed, according to maximum potential generation and minimum transport cost ratios. This analysis results fundamental for the optimal deployment of co-digestion power plants in Spain and the adequate allocation of RES.
Results show that the most feasible co-digestion mixtures available in the Spanish Iberian Peninsula are based on slurry, glycerine and agricultural residuals, and 4 mixtures show a great energetic potential, estimated in more than 277 MW of electrical power capacity in co-digestion power plants economically feasible. The Spanish Iberian Peninsula potential is estimated in the range from 175 MW to 550 MW.

Authors and affiliations

A. González-Martínez1, M. de Simón-Martín1, A.M. Diez Suárez1, Á. de la Puente-Gil1, M.Á. Ramos Malmierca1 and L. Álvarez-de Prado2
1. Dep. Area of Electrical Engineering. Energy Resources’ Smart Management (ERESMA) Research Group
School of Mining Engineering, Universidad de León (Spain). Campus de Vegazana s/n, Universidad de León, (Spain)
2. Dept. Area of Cartographic, Geodesic and Photogrammetric Engineering Energy Resources’ Smart Management (ERESMA) Research Group. School of Mining Engineering, Universidad de León (Spain)

Key words

Anaerobic digestion, biogas, GIS, optimization, clustering.

References

[1] OECD, “OECD Environmental Outlook to 2050,” OECD iLibrary. [Online]. Available: https://read.oecdilibrary. org/environment/oecd-environmental-outlook-to-2050_9789264122246-en. [Accessed: 31-Oct-2018].
[2] “EBA Statistical Report 2017 - European Biogas AssociationEuropean Biogas Association.” .
[3] X. E. Castells, Tratamiento y valorización energética de residuos. Ediciones Díaz de Santos, 2005.
[4] S. G. Pavlostathis and E. Giraldo-Gomez, “Kinetics of Anaerobic Treatment,” Water Sci Technol, vol. 24, no. 8,
pp. 35–59, Oct. 1991.
[5] Flotats X., Fernández, B., Pascual, A., Ruiz, B. y Gómez, P., “Situación y potencial de generación de biogás,” Idae,
Madrid, Spain, 2011.
[6] H. Rodhe, “A comparison of the contribution of various gases to the greenhouse effect,” Science, vol. 248, no. 4960,
pp. 1217–1219, 1990.
[7] C. H. Burton and C. Turner, Manure management: Treatment strategies for sustainable agriculture. Editions Quae, 2003.
[8] M. Berglund and P. Börjesson, “Assessment of energy performance in the life-cycle of biogas production,” Biomass and Bioenergy, vol. 30, no. 3, pp. 254–266, Mar. 2006.
[9] “PRETOR.” [Online]. Available: https://sedeaplicaciones.minetur.gob.es/Pretor/Vista/Inform es/InformesInstalaciones.aspx. [Accessed: 14-Oct-2018].
[10] “Real Decreto 661/2007, de 25 de mayo, por el que se regula la actividad de producción de energía eléctrica en
régimen especial.,” 2007. [Online]. Available: https://www.boe.es/buscar/act.php?id=BOE-A-2007-10556.
[Accessed: 16-Oct-2018].
[11] “Probiogas,” Probiogás, 2011. [Online]. Available: http://www.probiogas.es/. [Accessed: 23-Sep-2018].
[12] Ministerio de medio ambiente y medio rural y marino, “El sector del biogás agroindustrial en España,” Madrid, Spain,
Sep. 2010.
[13] Y. R. Chen, “Kinetic analysis of anaerobic digestion of pig manure and its design implications,” Agricultural Wastes,
vol. 8, no. 2, pp. 65–81, Jan. 1983.
[14] P. Harris, “Biowatts - Online Biogas Calculator & Biomass Marketplace - index.” [Online]. Available:
http://www.biowattsonline.com/anaerobic_digestion_kinetics_calculator/index. [Accessed: 05-Nov-2018].
[15] B. K. T. Samarasiri, S. W. S. Samarakoon, P. G. Rathnasiri, and S. H. P. Gunawardena, “Mechanistic model for electricity generation via biomethane production through anaerobic digestion of organic fraction of municipal solid waste generated in Sri Lanka,” in 2017 Moratuwa Engineering Research Conference (MERCon), 2017, pp. 407–412.
[16] C. Bidart, M. Fröhling, and F. Schultmann, “Livestock manure and crop residue for energy generation: Macroassessment at a national scale,” Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, vol. 38, pp. 537–550, Oct. 2014.
[17] N. Muñoz Soler, “Valorización de Residuos de la Industria Agroalimentaria. Codigestión de estiércol de vacuno
lechero y suero de quesería.,” Universidad de Cantabria, Cantabria, 2017.
[18] V. Dopico, “Propuesta de tarifas de coste de transporte de mercancías,” 2005. [Online]. Available:
https://docplayer.es/5597155-Propuesta-de-tarifas-decoste-de-transporte-de-mercancias.html. [Accessed: 29-Nov-2018].
[19] A. J. Wood and B. F. Wollenberg, Power, generation, operation and control, Second. Tornto: John Wiley, 1996.