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A Modular Multi-Technology Generator Model for EMT Stability Studies in Power Systems with Large Amounts of Converter-based Generation

Jesús Castro Martínez(1), Santiago Arnaltes(1), José Luis Rodríguez(1), Javier Renedo(2), Edgar Nuño Martínez(2), Macarena Martín Almenta(2), Sergio Martínez Villanueva(2)

1. Department of of Electrical Engineering, Carlos III University of Madrid. Leganés, Madrid (Spain)
2 Red Eléctrica – Redeia. Alcobendas, Madrid (Spain).

2026-01-20

This paper explores the integration of converter-based generation (CBG) into power systems, analyzing their impact on power system stability. For this purpose, a simulation tool consisting of comprehensive, aggregated models integrating several generation technologies into a power system for dynamic simulation has been developed to represent three prominent generation technologies: synchronous generation (SG), grid-following converters (GFL), and grid-forming converters (GFM). The proposed modular multi-technology generator model allows to set the penetration level of each technology at any bus of the system, thus facilitating stability assessment of power systems with large amounts of CBG. Electromagnetic-type (EMT) studies are carried out in a small test system to analyse the impact of the GFL/GFM generation ratio on power system stability. The results show the capability of the proposed tool for testing the impact of the generation mix in the stability of the system, highlighting the importance of GFM generation to operate in with low amounts or in absence of synchronous generators in the system.

Key words: EMT simulation, grid-forming converters, power system stability, renewable energy.

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